Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common learning disabilities that affects both children and adults. Contrary to the misconception that ADHD fades away in adulthood, recent research indicates that a significant number of individuals continue to experience symptoms and impairment throughout their lives.
This blog post aims to shed light on the diverse presentations of ADHD and the challenges faced by those with undiagnosed ADHD in a world filled with hyperactivity and distractions. We will also explore the benefits of therapy in helping individuals navigate their late ADHD diagnosis and build a fulfilling life.
Breaking Stereotypes: ADHD Beyond Childhood
ADHD is no longer confined to childhood. Research has debunked the myth that ADHD disappears with puberty. A considerable percentage of individuals with ADHD continue to grapple with symptoms and associated impairments well into adulthood. This realization challenges our understanding of ADHD and emphasizes the need for comprehensive support for individuals across their lifespan. In fact, recent research now suggests that 50% to 80% of children with ADHD continue to experience significant symptoms and associated impairment in their adult lives.
Gender Differences in ADHD Presentation
Females tend to be diagnosed at a lower rate and are more likely to have a later-life diagnosis or misdiagnosis, as their symptoms sometimes show up differently than males. For males, symptoms typically tend to demonstrate themselves more on the physical side, including:
Hyperactivity
Impulsive behaviour
Restlessness
Interrupting others
Forgetfulness
Whereas females are more likely to experience inattention. This includes but is not limited to:
Lacking motivation
Feelings of overwhelmingness
Disorganized
Often late
Eating disorders
Hypersensitivity (i.e., crying often and feeling emotions deeply)
It is important to note that although there are differences between males and females diagnosed with ADHD, both may experience any of the above-listed symptoms.
Late ADHD Diagnosis: Relief and Distress
Receiving a late ADHD diagnosis in adulthood can evoke mixed emotions. Many individuals who struggled with ADHD throughout their schooling faced feelings of shame and guilt as they received the “they have so much potential if only they could focus” comment on their report cards. This may have led to a sense of not living up to expectations while simultaneously grappling with the unknown workings of their own minds and experiencing rejection-sensitive dysphoria, a common experience after diagnosis, amplifies the emotional impact, as individuals believed it was their fault that their brain did not function ‘normally’.
Misdiagnosis and Overlapping Symptoms
Misdiagnosis is a common occurrence when it comes to ADHD. Symptoms of ADHD can often overlap with mood disorders like anxiety, leading to confusion and missed opportunities for appropriate treatment.
Symptoms of ADHD that often overlap with other disorders or are overlooked and, therefore, can become lost in translation include:
Sleeping patterns are described as night owls, whereas during the day, they are tired and then get a burst of energy right before bed.
Having a high IQ as many people with ADHD are more creative and problem-solving oriented than neurotypical individuals.
Low self-esteem from undiagnosed ADHD as a result of misunderstood poor school, job, or relationship performance.
Amanda's Story: Embracing Growth through Therapy
To illustrate the journey of someone with a late ADHD diagnosis, let's consider the story of Amanda, a 23-year-old who discovered her ADHD two years ago. Amanda spent her formative years undiagnosed and was consistently told to focus, pay better attention, and stop talking over others, primarily by authority figures, including parents and teachers. While the diagnosis has provided her with valuable insights into her brain's functioning, Amanda also experiences resentment due to the rejection and misunderstanding she endured during her childhood. At this point in Amanda’s life, it would be incredibly beneficial for her to attend therapy.
The Role of Therapy in Late ADHD Diagnosis
Late ADHD diagnosis in adults comes with a plethora of guilt, regret, and resentment. Therapy offers significant benefits for individuals with a late ADHD diagnosis. It provides a safe and non-judgmental space to address emotional challenges and develop strategies for personal growth.
Seeking professional help can assist with the following:
Self-awareness and Acceptance: Therapy helps individuals understand and embrace their ADHD, fostering self-acceptance and reducing self-blame.
Cognitive Restructuring: Through therapy, individuals can challenge negative thought patterns and replace them with adaptive thinking, enabling them to navigate daily life more effectively.
Coping Mechanisms: Therapy equips individuals with coping mechanisms to manage unique triggers and overstimulation, enabling them to regulate their emotions and behaviour.
Communication Skills: Therapy assists individuals in developing healthier communication patterns with friends, colleagues, and partners, enhancing their relationships and overall well-being.
Unpacking Childhood Issues: Therapy provides an opportunity to explore and address any childhood issues or traumas, promoting self-discovery, the removal of masks, and the establishment of personal boundaries.
Undiagnosed ADHD in adulthood poses unique challenges in a world that demands focus and attention. Understanding the diverse presentations of ADHD and seeking therapy can be transformative for individuals navigating a late diagnosis. Therapy offers a supportive environment for building self-awareness, challenging negative thought patterns, developing coping strategies, improving communication, and addressing underlying childhood issues. By embracing therapy, individuals can embark on a journey of growth, self-acceptance, and empowered living.